The gauge works from resistance readings on the level sensor. 40 Ohms = empty 165 Ohms should be about half and 250 Ohms should be full. Sounds like the Level Sensor but if you wanted to check to make sure any GM shop should have the tool 33431-C is the tool number.
There should also be an after-market tool available. I have also used level sensors from other cars to check the gauge operation. Jumper a different level sensor into your fuel tank harness and manually move the float arm, your gauge should move accordingly. I think I have a few in my tool box if u need one to test with.
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